.png)
.png)
.png)
Dr Shaun Tan, FRACGP, MD, BMSC
Medical Examiner | Associate Lecturer
Scored 90% on the AKT & Top 15th percentile in the KFP
Earning your FRACGP qualification is a pivotal achievement in your medical career, granting you specialist recognition and the freedom to practise independently as a General Practitioner in Australia. Whether you're an Australian medical graduate or an international medical graduate (IMG), selecting the correct pathway can feel confusing. You're likely balancing a busy clinical workload, family commitments, and the stress of exam preparation, making clarity on your pathway vital.
In this guide, we clearly outline the main differences between the three primary GP fellowship pathways: the traditional FRACGP independent route, the Fellowship Support Program (FSP), and the Practice Experience Program (PEP). We'll provide a detailed comparison of duration, costs, eligibility criteria, available supports, and transition updates to help you confidently select the best option for your career goals.
Overview: Three Pathways to Becoming a GP in Australia
To practise independently as a GP in Australia, you must attain Fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (FRACGP). All pathways to FRACGP require passing the same set of exams, comprising the Applied Knowledge Test (AKT), Key Feature Problem (KFP), and Clinical Competency Exam (CCE) [1].
Currently, three primary pathways exist:
FRACGP independent pathway (historically common, now requiring structured pathway enrolment)
Fellowship Support Program (FSP) (structured RACGP supported pathway)
Practice Experience Program (PEP) (previously active, closed for new entrants as of 2022) [2]
Each pathway has distinct advantages and challenges, tailored to specific candidate profiles and circumstances.
FRACGP (Fellowship Pathway)
The FRACGP practice experience pathway was traditionally an independent approach, where doctors accumulated experience in general practice settings before undertaking the RACGP exams. Current exam eligibility under the General Practice Experience (GPE) pathway requires at least 4 years full time equivalent (FTE) general practice experience over the past 10 years, including 1 year's FTE in Australian general practice and at least 6 months FTE comprehensive Australian general practice within the last 4 years [3].
However, the RACGP now mandates enrolment in structured pathways (such as the FSP) for eligibility to sit exams. This shift recognises that structured learning significantly enhances exam readiness. Independent study previously suited highly experienced IMGs but lacked formalised educational support, creating isolation and difficulty managing self study alongside clinical duties.
Imagine a doctor juggling daily clinical caseloads, home visits, after hours responsibilities, and then attempting to independently prepare for highly demanding exams like the AKT and KFP. Structured pathways now address this previously unmet need, significantly improving preparation effectiveness [1].
PEP (Practice Experience Program)
The Practice Experience Program (PEP) operated between 2019 and 2022 under Australia's Stronger Rural Health Strategy. This structured pathway specifically supported IMGs and non VR doctors practising predominantly in rural and regional Australia [2].
PEP comprised two streams:
PEP Standard (now closed): duration ranged between 12 to 30 months, with up to 3 additional years permitted to complete the RACGP exams during the post education phase [7,8]. Participants paid an annual post education administration fee, as outlined in RACGP’s post education progression policy [8].
PEP Specialist (still ongoing): assists internationally trained GPs holding recognised specialist qualifications, enabling quicker recognition and fellowship attainment [9].
Although now closed to new entrants, PEP Standard’s affordability, flexibility, and structured online modules proved highly effective, significantly increasing pass rates among IMGs. Many successful fellows today credit PEP’s structured yet flexible approach as a cornerstone of their exam success [7].
Transitioning From PEP to FSP (2023 to 2025 Update)
With PEP Standard ceasing new enrolments from 2022, transitioning doctors experienced uncertainty. To facilitate smooth progression, RACGP introduced the Fellowship Support Program (FSP) seamlessly in January 2023.
Key transition updates include:
Doctors enrolled in PEP Standard before closure continue receiving RACGP exam support until completion [8].
Doctors who missed the PEP enrolment deadline transitioned into the structured FSP [4].
Introduction of the government funded Pre Fellowship Program (PFP), which commenced in 2024, and received additional funding of AUD 13.6 million in 2025 to 2026 to extend support for non vocationally recognised doctors prior to joining a college led fellowship program [10,11].
A practical example is Dr Priya, an IMG in regional Victoria who missed enrolling in PEP. Dr Priya successfully transitioned via the PFP into the FSP, obtaining critical clinical supervision and financial support during her preparation.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. FRACGP vs FSP vs PEP, What’s the Difference?
FRACGP is the qualification itself, while FSP and PEP are structured pathways designed by RACGP to help doctors achieve the FRACGP qualification.
FRACGP: the specialist qualification for General Practitioners in Australia.
FSP: structured support for non VR doctors and IMGs, involving supervision and structured assessments.
PEP: previous structured education program, now closed for new applicants and replaced by FSP [1,2,4].
2. What is the practice experience pathway (PEP)?
The Practice Experience Program (PEP) was a structured RACGP education and support pathway, designed specifically for IMGs and non VR doctors in rural or regional Australia, now closed to new entrants.
Included structured education, workplace assessments, and exam preparation.
Ran between 2019 and 2022 under Australia's Stronger Rural Health Strategy.
Participants received ongoing support to pass RACGP exams during a post education phase [2,7].
3. What are the benefits of FRACGP?
Achieving FRACGP grants specialist recognition, enabling independent general practice in Australia, higher Medicare rebates, and career advancement.
Recognition as a specialist GP with independent practice rights.
Enhanced career opportunities and eligibility for leadership roles.
International recognition through reciprocal agreements in specific countries [1].
4. What does FRACGP mean in medical terms?
FRACGP stands for Fellow of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, indicating specialist qualification in general practice.
Confirms a doctor’s expertise and competency to practise independently.
Represents successful completion of comprehensive RACGP Fellowship exams (AKT, KFP, and CCE).
A mark of professional excellence recognised across Australia and internationally [1].
5. How much is the full fee for RACGP?
The full RACGP Fellowship assessment fee varies depending on your chosen pathway and program. For the Fellowship Support Program (FSP), total fees for the 24 months education phase are approximately AUD 32,000.
Additional fees apply per 6 month term during the consolidation phase [6].
RACGP annual membership fees are separate from Fellowship assessment fees.
Confirm specific fees directly through RACGP before commencing training.
Which Pathway Is Right for You?
Your choice of pathway should reflect your individual circumstances, learning preferences, clinical background, and personal and professional goals.
Consider these practical scenarios:
If you prefer structured clinical supervision, consistent educational guidance, clear timelines, and you're comfortable financially and geographically, the FSP is ideal.
Experienced IMGs, such as UK trained GPs with recognised specialist qualifications, should explore the ongoing PEP Specialist route, enabling quicker integration and recognition of qualifications.
Historically, the independent FRACGP pathway suited highly experienced doctors with substantial self directed learning capabilities; however, RACGP now generally mandates structured pathway enrolment for exam eligibility.
In practical terms:
An IMG in rural Queensland seeking structured mentorship, educational guidance, and clinical supervision to confidently sit RACGP exams should enrol in the FSP.
A highly experienced GP specialist relocating from Ireland or Canada would significantly benefit from the streamlined PEP Specialist process.
FSP (Fellowship Support Program)
The Fellowship Support Program (FSP) was launched by RACGP in January 2023, replacing the PEP Standard pathway, aiming to provide structured education and robust clinical supervision for IMGs and non VR doctors [4].
The Fellowship Support Program includes structured education lasting 24 months divided into four terms, each 6 months long, followed by a consolidation phase of up to 36 months for exam completion [4,5]. The total education phase cost is approximately AUD 32,000, with additional fees for each 6 month consolidation phase, according to the RACGP fee schedule for 2025.2 and 2026.1 cohorts [6].
Key features include:
Regular in practice supervision
Real world benefits of the FSP include:
Regular structured sessions with supervisors, enabling clear identification and correction of knowledge gaps
Peer based small group discussions, reducing isolation and enhancing motivation and accountability
Direct input from medical educators on clinical reasoning and exam preparation strategies
If you're an IMG or non VR GP wanting clear educational support and willing to make the necessary financial investment, FSP can greatly increase your likelihood of passing FRACGP exams successfully [4].
If you're finding RACGP exam preparation challenging, Fellow Academy provides structured AKT and KFP questions, concise exam notes, and high yield flashcards tailored for your success. Additionally, explore our [free KFP case packs], informative webinars, and practical [FRACGP pathway checklist] to guide your preparation effectively and confidently.
Disclaimer: This content is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or representative of the RACGP. Strategies shared reflect personal experience and general guidance only.
Disclaimer: This content is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or representative of the RACGP. Strategies shared reflect personal experience and general guidance only.
References
[1] RACGP (2025). FRACGP exams. https://www.racgp.org.au/education/imgs/fellowship-pathways/fellowship-programs-for-imgs/practice-experience-program
[2] RACGP (2025). Practice Experience Program overview. https://www.racgp.org.au/FSDEDEV/media/documents/Education/PEP/PEP-participant-guide-Standard-Stream.pdf
[3] RACGP (2025). General Practice Experience Pathway eligibility policy. https://www.racgp.org.au/education/gp-training/gp-training/education-policy-and-supporting-documents/policies/gpe-pathway-exam-eligibility
[4] RACGP (2025). Fellowship Support Program overview. https://www.racgp.org.au/education/imgs/fellowship-pathways/fellowship-programs-for-imgs/fellowship-support-program
[5] RACGP (2025). FSP accreditation handbook. https://www.racgp.org.au/getattachment/65d2a886-86ca-46a6-b947-b6ee79e78c7e/FSP-accreditation-handbook-for-training-sites-and-supervisors.aspx
[6] RACGP (2025). FSP fees 2025.2 cohort. https://www.racgp.org.au/education/imgs/fellowship-pathways/fellowship-programs-for-imgs/fellowship-support-program/fellowship-support-program-fees
[7] RACGP (2022). Practice Experience Program Standard participant guide. https://www.racgp.org.au/education/imgs/fellowship-pathways/fellowship-programs-for-imgs/practice-experience-program
[8] RACGP (2025). PEP post education progression policy. https://www.racgp.org.au/education/gp-training/gp-training/education-policy-and-supporting-documents/policies/pep-post-education-progression-policy
[9] RACGP (2025). PEP Specialist Stream. https://www.racgp.org.au/education/imgs/fellowship-pathways/fellowship-programs-for-imgs/practice-experience-program/practice-experience-program-specialist-stream
[10] newsGP (2024). Pre Fellowship Program pilot launch. https://www1.racgp.org.au/newsgp/professional/new-30-5m-pre-fellowship-program-pilot-launches
[11] Department of Health and Aged Care (2025). Budget 2024 to 2025 additional estimates. https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/2025-02/budget-2024-25-health-portfolio-additional-estimates-statements_0.pdf
AKT Exam Preparation: Study Strategies That Work
AKT vs KFP: Which RACGP Exam Is Harder (and How to Prepare for Both)
Trial Fellow Academy for Free
Complete the Form to Access 30 FREE KFP MSQs & AKTs + Invite to Our Free 2026.1 RACGP Exam Prep Webinar
Dr Shaun Tan, FRACGP, MD, BMSC
Medical Examiner | Associate Lecturer
Scored 90% on the AKT & Top 15th percentile in the KFP
Summary
Earning your FRACGP qualification is a pivotal achievement in your medical career, granting you specialist recognition and the freedom to practise independently as a General Practitioner in Australia. Whether you're an Australian medical graduate or an international medical graduate (IMG), selecting the correct pathway can feel confusing. You're likely balancing a busy clinical workload, family commitments, and the stress of exam preparation, making clarity on your pathway vital.
In this guide, we clearly outline the main differences between the three primary GP fellowship pathways: the traditional FRACGP independent route, the Fellowship Support Program (FSP), and the Practice Experience Program (PEP). We'll provide a detailed comparison of duration, costs, eligibility criteria, available supports, and transition updates to help you confidently select the best option for your career goals.
Overview: Three Pathways to Becoming a GP in Australia
To practise independently as a GP in Australia, you must attain Fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (FRACGP). All pathways to FRACGP require passing the same set of exams, comprising the Applied Knowledge Test (AKT), Key Feature Problem (KFP), and Clinical Competency Exam (CCE) [1].
Currently, three primary pathways exist:
FRACGP independent pathway (historically common, now requiring structured pathway enrolment)
Fellowship Support Program (FSP) (structured RACGP supported pathway)
Practice Experience Program (PEP) (previously active, closed for new entrants as of 2022) [2]
Each pathway has distinct advantages and challenges, tailored to specific candidate profiles and circumstances.
FRACGP (Fellowship Pathway)
The FRACGP practice experience pathway was traditionally an independent approach, where doctors accumulated experience in general practice settings before undertaking the RACGP exams. Current exam eligibility under the General Practice Experience (GPE) pathway requires at least 4 years full time equivalent (FTE) general practice experience over the past 10 years, including 1 year's FTE in Australian general practice and at least 6 months FTE comprehensive Australian general practice within the last 4 years [3].
However, the RACGP now mandates enrolment in structured pathways (such as the FSP) for eligibility to sit exams. This shift recognises that structured learning significantly enhances exam readiness. Independent study previously suited highly experienced IMGs but lacked formalised educational support, creating isolation and difficulty managing self study alongside clinical duties.
Imagine a doctor juggling daily clinical caseloads, home visits, after hours responsibilities, and then attempting to independently prepare for highly demanding exams like the AKT and KFP. Structured pathways now address this previously unmet need, significantly improving preparation effectiveness [1].
PEP (Practice Experience Program)
The Practice Experience Program (PEP) operated between 2019 and 2022 under Australia's Stronger Rural Health Strategy. This structured pathway specifically supported IMGs and non VR doctors practising predominantly in rural and regional Australia [2].
PEP comprised two streams:
PEP Standard (now closed): duration ranged between 12 to 30 months, with up to 3 additional years permitted to complete the RACGP exams during the post education phase [7,8]. Participants paid an annual post education administration fee, as outlined in RACGP’s post education progression policy [8].
PEP Specialist (still ongoing): assists internationally trained GPs holding recognised specialist qualifications, enabling quicker recognition and fellowship attainment [9].
Although now closed to new entrants, PEP Standard’s affordability, flexibility, and structured online modules proved highly effective, significantly increasing pass rates among IMGs. Many successful fellows today credit PEP’s structured yet flexible approach as a cornerstone of their exam success [7].
Tools That Make Active Recall Easy
Digital tools simplify the process of integrating active recall and spaced repetition into your RACGP exam preparation.
-
Brainscape: Uses adaptive algorithms to determine when you should review each flashcard based on your confidence level.
-
Anki: Allows custom deck creation for topics like PBS rules or emergency management.
-
Quizlet: Offers collaborative decks for study groups.
Using these tools allows you to:
-
Review flashcards during commutes or between patients.
-
Automatically revisit topics you’re struggling with.
-
Track progress and identify weak areas.
These platforms bring structure to your study plan, ensuring regular reinforcement and better recall.
(For time management strategies, see our AKT Study Planner.)
How to Combine These Methods for Peak Performance
When you combine active recall with spaced repetition, the results are exponential. This combination, known as “spaced retrieval practice”, creates a continuous cycle of learning, forgetting, and relearning that strengthens memory.
-
Start early (at least 6–12 months before your exam).
-
Create flashcards for each guideline or high-yield topic.
-
Use Brainscape or Anki daily to review material in spaced cycles.
-
Schedule mock exams every 3–4 weeks to test your applied knowledge.
Research indicates spaced repetition can significantly increase long-term retention, with spaced learners achieving approximately 58% accuracy compared to 43% among traditional learners (p<0.001) [4].
By six months into this method, most candidates report not only improved recall but also better confidence under pressure. You’re no longer scrambling to remember—you’re retrieving information automatically.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. FRACGP vs FSP vs PEP, What’s the Difference?
FRACGP is the qualification itself, while FSP and PEP are structured pathways designed by RACGP to help doctors achieve the FRACGP qualification.
FRACGP: the specialist qualification for General Practitioners in Australia.
FSP: structured support for non VR doctors and IMGs, involving supervision and structured assessments.
PEP: previous structured education program, now closed for new applicants and replaced by FSP [1,2,4].
2. What is the practice experience pathway (PEP)?
The Practice Experience Program (PEP) was a structured RACGP education and support pathway, designed specifically for IMGs and non VR doctors in rural or regional Australia, now closed to new entrants.
Included structured education, workplace assessments, and exam preparation.
Ran between 2019 and 2022 under Australia's Stronger Rural Health Strategy.
Participants received ongoing support to pass RACGP exams during a post education phase [2,7].
3. What are the benefits of FRACGP?
Achieving FRACGP grants specialist recognition, enabling independent general practice in Australia, higher Medicare rebates, and career advancement.
Recognition as a specialist GP with independent practice rights.
Enhanced career opportunities and eligibility for leadership roles.
International recognition through reciprocal agreements in specific countries [1].
4. What does FRACGP mean in medical terms?
FRACGP stands for Fellow of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, indicating specialist qualification in general practice.
Confirms a doctor’s expertise and competency to practise independently.
Represents successful completion of comprehensive RACGP Fellowship exams (AKT, KFP, and CCE).
A mark of professional excellence recognised across Australia and internationally [1].
5. How much is the full fee for RACGP?
The full RACGP Fellowship assessment fee varies depending on your chosen pathway and program. For the Fellowship Support Program (FSP), total fees for the 24 months education phase are approximately AUD 32,000.
Additional fees apply per 6 month term during the consolidation phase [6].
RACGP annual membership fees are separate from Fellowship assessment fees.
Confirm specific fees directly through RACGP before commencing training.
If you’re feeling overwhelmed by RACGP exam preparation, Fellow Academy offers high quality AKT and KFP questions, exam notes in concise and comprehensive format, and high yield, evidence based flashcards designed to help you study smarter and perform with confidence. You’ll also find free KFP case packs, webinars, and practical study resources to guide you every step of the way.
Disclaimer: This content is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or representative of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP). The strategies and approaches shared are based on personal experience and the experiences of other GP candidates who successfully passed their exams. They are intended as general study guidance only and should not be taken as official RACGP advice.
References
-
GP Supervisors Australia. (2025). Study Skills Guide for GP Registrars: Studying Smarter, Not Harder. GPSA.
-
Carpenter, S. K., Pan, S. C., & Butler, A. C. (2022). The science of effective learning with spacing and retrieval practice. Nature Reviews Psychology, 1(10), 496–511.
-
Durrani, S. F., Yousuf, N., Ali, R., et al. (2024). Effectiveness of spaced repetition for clinical problem solving amongst undergraduate medical students studying paediatrics in Pakistan. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), 676.
-
Price, D. W., Wang, T., O’Neill, T. R., et al. (2025). The effect of spaced repetition on learning and knowledge transfer in a large cohort of practising physicians. Academic Medicine, 100(1), 94–102.
RACGP Exam Mistakes: Common Pitfalls That Stop Candidates Passing the RACGP Exams
AKT Exam Preparation: Study Strategies That Work
AKT vs KFP: Which RACGP Exam Is Harder (and How to Prepare for Both)