Rote learning can feel productive. You tick off flashcards, recite guidelines, memorise Murtagh’s flowcharts,  but still struggle when the question isn't worded exactly the way you practised.

That’s because RACGP exams test thinking, not just recall. And this is where many strong candidates go wrong.

In the new KFP format, memorisation alone won’t save you. In fact, over-relying on pre-learned fact lists can backfire. 

Candidates now face decision points where all listed options are technically plausible — but only one reflects the most context-appropriate decision at that moment in the case.

Here’s how this mistake shows up:

• You memorise every asthma guideline line-by-line — but fail to choose the right acute plan when a 12-year-old presents with worsening symptoms and already uses preventer therapy.

• You can list all the causes of anaemia — but when faced with a case showing pre-op iron deficiency and impending surgery, you choose oral therapy instead of the time-sensitive option: IV iron.

• You know the diagnostic criteria for generalised anxiety — but misread a case where the key issue is a recent missed diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, not a primary mental health concern.

The KFP now tests what decision you’d make, in real time, as a practising GP — not whether you can regurgitate textbook options. The real skill is recognising the most appropriate next step given the full case context.

Here’s how to strengthen clinical reasoning within the updated format:

• Think in decision pathways, not lists. When studying a condition, always ask: “What would I do first, second, and why?” Don’t just memorise criteria or treatment lists — understand the sequence of management.

• Compare options actively. In each practice question, ask yourself: “What’s the safest? What’s the most urgent? What’s most appropriate based on the age, history, and comorbidities?”

• Work with timed case banks. The best way to simulate this reasoning style is using updated KFP banks that reflect the 2025+ format. Work under exam conditions and reflect after each attempt — why was that the best answer? What would you do differently next time?

This matters even more in CCE:

• Candidates often launched into lengthy explanations without asking what the patient was actually worried about.

• Some forgot to safety net, check for understanding, or involve the patient in decision-making [3].

Here’s what to do instead:

• Use real clinical cases as the foundation for study — don’t just memorise lists.

• Always ask yourself: what does this patient need? What would I do in a real consult?

• Be specific. Broad terms like “safety netting” or “supportive care” won’t earn marks unless you name the action (e.g., “advise to return if fever persists after 48 hours”).

• Practise verbalising your reasoning. Record yourself explaining a diagnosis. Play it back. Is it clear? Would a colleague follow it?

Think of every case as a mini-consult. That’s how you’ll train your brain to answer questions the way examiners expect.

For step-by-step reasoning strategies, read our guide on structuring high-scoring KFP responses.